The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
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The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Hashcash, qui est une preuve de travail (PoW) de Bitcoin, est basé sur un problème de pré-image des fonctions de hachage de SHA-2 et RIPEMD. Comme ces fonctions de hachage utilisent la construction Merkle-Damgard (MD), une pré-image peut être trouvée avec une mémoire négligeable. Étant donné que ces calculs peuvent être accélérés par des ASIC dédiés, il existe un risque potentiel d’attaque dite de 51 %. Pour résoudre ce problème, nous proposons un nouveau schéma PoW basé sur le problème de récupération de clé des chiffrements par blocs en cascade. En choisissant les paramètres appropriés, par exemple la taille des blocs et la taille des clés des chiffrements par blocs sous-jacents, nous pouvons faire de ce problème un problème exigeant en mémoire, de sorte qu'il nécessite beaucoup de mémoire pour le résoudre efficacement. En outre, nous pouvons ajuster indépendamment la complexité temporelle et la complexité de la mémoire requises, en fonction des exigences des applications cibles et des progrès de la puissance de calcul.
Takaki ASANUMA
University of Hyogo
Takanori ISOBE
University of Hyogo
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Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, "A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information,
vol. E105-D, no. 2, pp. 248-255, February 2022, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005.
Abstract: Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/information/10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005/_p
Copier
@ARTICLE{e105-d_2_248,
author={Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information},
title={A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance},
year={2022},
volume={E105-D},
number={2},
pages={248-255},
abstract={Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005},
ISSN={1745-1361},
month={February},}
Copier
TY - JOUR
TI - A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SP - 248
EP - 255
AU - Takaki ASANUMA
AU - Takanori ISOBE
PY - 2022
DO - 10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SN - 1745-1361
VL - E105-D
IS - 2
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
Y1 - February 2022
AB - Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.
ER -